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Reference Genome 2024

to be filled out

Reference Genome 2000-2023

The Arabidopsis thaliana genome was sequenced in 2000 by the Arabidopsis Genome Initiative (AGI) (Nature 14 Dec. 2000). The genome has five chromosomes and a total size of approximately 135-megabases. The current TIGR golden path length is 119,146,348 bp. The table below shows the approximate total length and the length of the golden path for each chromosome.



Golden path lengthApproximate chromosome length
Chromosome 130,427,671 bp34,964,571 bp
Chromosome 219,698,289 bp22,037,565 bp
Chromosome 323,459,830 bp25,499,034 bp
Chromosome 418,585,056 bp20,862,711 bp
Chromosome 526,975,502 bp31,270,811 bp
Total119,146,348 bp134,634,692 bp

Chromosome sequence data and AGI tiling paths are available from the TAIR FTP site.

TAIR8_Assembly_updates.xls and TAIR9_Assembly_updates.xls contains a list of all assembly updates made for the TAIR8 and TAIR9 genome releases.

Known Gaps in the 2000 Chromosome Assembly

Centromeres and other gaps between clones in red.

Clones containing gaps in purple.

* Indicates sequence is not yet deposited in GenBank.


Chromosome 1:

T18N24-F8L2-F2C1-F12G6-T23P23-T28N5-F11K13

T24F19-CEN1-F13P3

F9A12-F25O15-F9D18-T5F23

F27F5-T2P3-F2G19

F12A4-F1504-F14D7

T32E22-F103-T32E20

F16N3-T2E6-T6B12

F10A5-T4012-T23E18

Chromosome 2:

NOR2-F23H14-F10A8

T12J2-CEN2-T6C20-T14C8

T4E5-F10C8-T18E17

Chromosome 3:

TEL3N-T4P13

K3G3-MJL12-MTE24

MUO10-T13B17-MWE13

F8N14-T803-F1M23

T15D2-CEN3-T25F15-F23H6-T28G19-5SrDNA-F1C23-T18B3-T26P13-T14A11-T4P3-F21A14-5SrDNA-F4M19 F7M19-T6L19- -F7K15

Chromosome 4:

NOR4-T15P10 F21I2-5SrDNA-F14G16

T2N12-CEN4-F13J5

T13J8-F26K10-F20O9-T5F17-F16A16

F19B15-F17A13-T16L4

F6I18-F6E21-F8F16

F4D11-T16I18-F26P21

Chromosome 5:

F21E1-T19N18*-T32M21

F23C8-T26N4-5SrDNA-F23B23

F28N5-CEN5-T8H11

T32B3-5SrDNA-T25B21-T3J11

GFF file of all known gaps in the Arabidopsis genome assembly April 2008   (UPDATE LINK TO NEW LOCATION AFTER V3 release)

Clones Missing or Incomplete in GenBank September 2003

Clones in GenBank HTG section (sequencing in progress) or missing from GenBank. Includes chromosome, status, accession number, group and comments.

Table of Gaps and Incomplete Clones September 2003

Includes comments from TAIR, TIGR and AGI groups on status and priority for sequencing.


Clone or Gap

TAIR Comment

TIGR Comment

Other Comment

Chromosome 1




Clone F8L2


CEN1: 3 asm; 3 grps. Will most likely close but mainly Athila etc. Priority 3.


Clone F12G6

GenBank PLN, centromeric, 3 unordered (SSP)


Submitted by Ecker

Clone T28N5

GenBank PLN, centromeric, 11 unordered (SSP)


Submitted by Ecker

Clone F25O15


CEN1: 2 asm; 1 grp. This BAC should close soon. Priority 3.


Clone F9D18

GenBank PLN, centromeric, contains gap of approx. 34 kb (SSP)


Theologis group has updated GenBank record

Clone T2P3


Euchr 1: ~20 asm; 10 grps. Contains >99% identical repeats. We have made many different libraries for this BAC in attempts to get more uniform coverage. Two ~30 kb and ~ 35 kb assemblies that overlap the neighboring BACs have been annotated to assess their gene content. Transposon-based sequencing of linking clones continues. We expect to be able to reduce the number of assemblies and annotate then even if full closure is not possible. Priority 1.


Chromosome 2




Clone T6C20


CEN2: This BAC lies within the 180 bp repeats; thus full closure was not attempted in 1998-1999 when chromosome 2 was completed. We have revisited this BAC, including making a large insert library, but find that this does not help. This BAC will not be closed. Priority 4.


Clone F10C8

GenBank PLN, contains gap of approx. 20 kb consisting of 747 bp pure tandem repeats



Chromosome 3




Clone T25F15


CEN3: This BAC lies in one of two small island contigs within CEN3 and contains 180 bp repeats. It is in 2 asm, 1 grp with one apparent sequencing gap. Nested deletions of a spanning clone have been made that should in theory close this BAC and are in the sequencing queue. Priority 3.


Clone T28G19


CEN3: 22 asms; 10 grps even when edited to 6+ and assembled at 100%. This BAC lies in one of two small island contigs within CEN3. Most likely the status of this BAC cannot be improved by further effort. Priority 4.


Clone T18B3


CEN3: 8 asms; 4 grps. We can make progress with this BAC and will do so. Priority 3.


Clone F21A14


CEN3: 26 asms; 3 grps after editing and assembly at 100%. This BAC cannot be closed. Priority 4.


Chromosome 4




Clone F26K10

HTG (Sanger)



Clone T5F17

HTG (Sanger)



Clone F17A13

HTG (Sanger)



Clone F6E21

HTG (Sanger)



Clone T16I18

HTG (Sanger)



Chromosome 5




Clone T19N18

No GenBank record (Sanger?) TIGR has annotated sequence for this clone.



Clone T26N4

HTG, 15 undordered pieces

CSHL finishing (includes T22F2). Contains 5S rRNA repeats.

Clone T25B21

HTG, 3 undordered pieces

CSHL finishing, contains 5S rRNA repeats.

Unanchored Clones




F26J21


65 asms; 32 gps (but most sequences fall into 5 asms, 2 grps). Appears to contain many genes. We plan to close and resolve as much as possible. Awaiting more sequence. Priority 2.


T13I7


21 asms; 9 grps. We plan to close and resolve as much as possible. Awaiting large insert library and more sequence. Priority 2.


T4N13


52 asms; 37 grps. We plan to close and resolve as much as possible. Awaiting large insert library and more sequence. Priority 2.


T17J15


26 asms; 14 grps. We plan to close and resolve as much as possible. Awaiting large insert library and more sequence. Priority 2.


AGI Groups

Cold Spring Harbor Sequencing Consortium (CSHSC)

Members:CSHL, ABI, WashU
Contacts:Dick McCombie, Rob Martienssen (CSHL); Rick Wilson (WashU)
Regions
sequenced:
13.1 Mb including the top of chromosome 4 and 3 Mb around the centromere of chromosome 5.

European Scientists Sequencing Arabidopsis (ESSA)

Members:John Innes Centre, MIPS, network of 18 labs
Contacts:Mike Bevan (JIC); Klaus Mayer (MIPS)
Regions
sequenced:
Chromosomes 4 (14.5 Mb) and 5 (6Mb)

Genoscope-EU Consortium

Members:EMBL, Genoscope, Lion, U. van Amsterdam, Valle
Contacts:Marcel Salanoubat, Francis Quetier
Regions
sequenced:
Chromosome 3 bottom arm (9.2 Mb)

Kazusa DNA Research Institute

Members:Kazusa
Contacts:Satoshi Tabata, Kiyotaka Okada
Regions
sequenced:
Chromosomes 3 (9.8 Mb) and 5 (17.8 Mb)

SPP Consortium

Members:PGEC, Stanford, UPenn (ATGC)
Contacts:Sakis Theologis (PGEC); Ron Davis (Stanford); Joe Ecker (ATGC)
Regions
sequenced:
Chromosome 1 (20.2 Mb)

The J. Craig Venter Center (JCVI) formerly TIGR

Members:JCVI
Contacts:Christopher Town
Regions
sequenced:
Chromosome 2 (19.6 Mb), parts of 1 and 3
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